{"id":824,"date":"2016-07-25T13:13:28","date_gmt":"2016-07-25T12:13:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/?page_id=824"},"modified":"2016-07-25T13:13:28","modified_gmt":"2016-07-25T12:13:28","slug":"polypectomy-endoscopic-removal-of-polyps","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/polypectomy-endoscopic-removal-of-polyps\/","title":{"rendered":"Polypectomy &#8211; Endoscopic removal of polyps"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Polypectomy in dogs and cats<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Polypectomy<\/strong> represents the surgical removal of polyps. In our clinic we remove polyps using minimally invasive method &#8211; <strong>endoscopic<\/strong>. During endoscopic procedures, such as colonoscopy, polyps can be removed by forceps that are introduced through the endoscope. Larger polyps may be removed using the loop around the base of the polyp, after which the cauterizing is executed in order to prevent bleeding.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>polyp<\/strong> is an abnormal mass of tissue that grows into and out of the mucous membranes inside the animal&#8217;s organism. The polyps have the potential to be malignant, and therefore in the event of their occurrence should be removed.<\/p>\n<p>Polyps are commonly found in the <strong>colon, stomach, uterus, bladder and nasal cavity<\/strong>, but can also be found in the ear canals as well as on any other surface of mucosal mucous membranes (Figure 1). The most common occurrence of polyps is not accompanied by specific symptoms, so they can remain undetected until specific diagnostic review of the patient, such as colonoscopy, rhinoscopy, gastroscopy etc. Once you identify the body recommended their removal. Even if the biopsy is satisfied that the non-cancerous they always have the potential to become, if not removed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_780\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ivavet.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/polipektomija0.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-780\" class=\"wp-image-780 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/ivavet.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/polipektomija0.jpg\" alt=\"polipektomija0\" width=\"590\" height=\"499\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-780\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figures 1.A and B Polyps in a dog&#8217;s ear C. Polyps in a dog&#8217;s colon D. Polyps in a dog&#8217;s nose<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Endoscopic polypectomy as a procedure in the clinic IVAVET carried out by professionals who have undergone specialized training and have extensive experience in this field.<\/p>\n<p>After removing polyps from the body, they are sent for further histopathological examination, to determine whether there is in them cancerous or precancerous cells. After the result obtained the owner of the patient will be informed, and if it turns out to be malignant polyp will be invited for further testing.<\/p>\n<p>Bearing in mind that, generally, polyps are asymptomatic, owners must keep in mind that it is sometimes necessary to perform a general health check on their pet for early diagnosis of any pathological changes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Nasal polyps in dogs<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nasal polyps (Figure 1) relating to the protruding pink polypoid growths are usually benign, which grow out of the nasal mucous membranes &#8211; the moist tissue that lines the nose. Symptoms that occur as a result of the development of polyps in the nose remind and mimic diseases such as colds, but can not be withdrawn solely giving antibiotics.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_781\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ivavet.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/polipektomija1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-781\" class=\"wp-image-781 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/ivavet.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/polipektomija1-290x300.jpg\" alt=\"polipektomija1\" width=\"290\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-781\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\">The symptoms of <span class=\"\">the onset<\/span> <span class=\"\">of nasal<\/span> <span class=\"\">polyps<\/span> <span class=\"\">in dogs<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">Depending on the location of polyps symptoms <span class=\"\">may vary<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>Nasalna cavity: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\">Mucous <span class=\"\">discharge<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\">The formation of <span class=\"\">scabs<\/span> <span class=\"\">in the nose<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Nosebleed<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\">Obstruction <span class=\"\">of nasal<\/span> <span class=\"\">patency<\/span> <span class=\"\">ways<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>Maxillary sinus:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\">Hematoma of the face or below <span class=\"\">eye<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"3\">\n<li>\n<div id=\"attachment_782\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ivavet.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/polipektomija2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-782\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-782\" src=\"http:\/\/ivavet.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/polipektomija2-300x295.jpg\" alt=\"polipektomija2\" width=\"300\" height=\"295\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-782\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 2<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Frontal sinus:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\">Hematoma <span class=\"\">on the forehead<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"4\">\n<li><strong>Ethmoid sinus:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\">Obstruction <span class=\"\">of nasal<\/span> <span class=\"\">patency <\/span><\/span>ways<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">The most common types of benign polyps <span class=\"\">in the oral cavity<\/span> <span class=\"\">of dogs<\/span><\/span>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Nasal polyps<\/li>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\">Reverse polyps &#8211; <span class=\"\">Polyps<\/span> <span class=\"\">like<\/span> <span class=\"\">nipples<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Hemangiomas<\/li>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Osteomas<\/span> &#8211; <span class=\"\">tumors of<\/span> <span class=\"\">the bone tissue<\/span> <span class=\"\">of the nose<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Fibrous dysplasia<\/span> &#8211; <span class=\"\">abnormal growth of<\/span> <span class=\"\">bone tissue<\/span> <span class=\"\">in the nose<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">Angiofibroma<\/span> <span class=\"\">&#8211;<\/span> <span class=\"\">growths<\/span> consisting of fibrous tissue <span class=\"\">and blood vessels<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\">The causes of nasal polyps <span class=\"\">in dogs<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">There is no clearly defined cause that leads to benign nasal polyps in the nasal pathways. As a <span class=\"\">possible etiological<\/span> <span class=\"\">causes<\/span> viral<span class=\"\">, bacterial infections<\/span> <span class=\"\">and<\/span> chronic inflammation <span class=\"\">and swelling<\/span> <span class=\"\">of mucous membranes in<\/span> <span class=\"\">the nose are cited<\/span><span class=\"\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_783\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ivavet.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/polipektomija3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-783\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-783\" src=\"http:\/\/ivavet.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/polipektomija3-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"polipektomija3\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-783\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 3<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\">Diagnosis of nasal polyps <span class=\"\">in dogs<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">In order to establish the diagnosis of polyps in dogs they need to be introduced in the anesthetic stage so the vet is able to make a detailed examination of the nasal cavity. Polyps are usually <span class=\"\">morphologically<\/span> brilliant red, pink or gray growths in the area of the nasopharynx<span class=\"\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">In order to<\/span> <span class=\"\">make a diagnosis<\/span> in the IVA VET clinic we use <span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"\">rhinoscopy<\/span><\/span> (Figure 2) and introduce <span class=\"\">into the nasal<\/span> <span class=\"\">cavity<\/span> <span class=\"\">a flexible<\/span> endoscope (a thin cable with a specialized <span class=\"\">camera,<\/span> Figure 3). Also, <span class=\"\">it is necessary to<\/span> <span class=\"\">perform a biopsy<\/span> specimen <span class=\"\">(Figure 4<\/span><span class=\"\">)<\/span> <span class=\"\">to determine the<\/span> <span class=\"\">nature of the<\/span> <span class=\"\">growths<\/span><span class=\"\">.<\/span> <span class=\"\">After<\/span> <span class=\"\">histopathological<\/span> results obtained <span class=\"\">veterinarian<\/span> still <span class=\"\">determining treatment<\/span> <span class=\"\">approach<\/span> <span class=\"\">in order to<\/span> <span class=\"\">cure<\/span><span class=\"\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_784\" style=\"width: 298px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ivavet.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/polipektomija4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-784\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-784\" src=\"http:\/\/ivavet.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/polipektomija4-288x300.jpg\" alt=\"polipektomija4\" width=\"288\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-784\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 4<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"short_text\" lang=\"en\">The treatment <span class=\"\">of nasal<\/span> <span class=\"\">polyps<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"en\">Main<span class=\"\">, safest and<\/span> most effective treatment of nasal polyps is their surgical removal (Figure <span class=\"\">5<\/span><span class=\"\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>This surgery <span class=\"\">is a simple<\/span> and routine procedure.<\/p>\n<p>In our clinic <span class=\"\">this intervention<\/span> <span class=\"\">is performed<\/span> <span class=\"\">using appropriate<\/span> endoscopic instruments.<\/p>\n<p>It is very important to completely remove the root, the base and the handle of polyps in order to prevent relapses. After surgery you will be prescribed the appropriate medications, in order to prevent the occurrence of secondary fungal <span class=\"\">or bacterial<\/span> infections.<\/p>\n<p>Bearing in mind that there is still <span class=\"\">not clearly defined<\/span> <span class=\"\">etiologic<\/span> <span class=\"\">causal<\/span> <span class=\"\">nasal<\/span> <span class=\"\">polyps<\/span>, there is no preventive measures that could be recommended.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Polypectomy in dogs and cats Polypectomy represents the surgical removal of polyps. In our clinic we remove polyps using minimally invasive method &#8211; endoscopic. During endoscopic procedures, such as colonoscopy, polyps can<a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/polypectomy-endoscopic-removal-of-polyps\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-824","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/824","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=824"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/824\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":825,"href":"https:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/824\/revisions\/825"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=824"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=824"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ivavet.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=824"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}